Fig. 5

In vitro antitumor performance of MD@SA hydrogel. The antitumor ability of different formulas under (a) normoxia and (b) hypoxia conditions. (c) Apoptosis analysis of the B16F10 cells with various treatments. Scale bar = 20 μm. (d) The toxicity evaluation of DOX, MnO2 nanosheet, MD, and MD@SA on B16F10 cells with or without NIR irradiation. Scale bar = 20 μm. (e) The intracellular oxygen concentration of B16F10 cells after adding MD@SA hydrogel using PBS, DOX, and SA as control. Scale bar = 20 μm. (f) The DOX uptake of B16F10 cells with different treatments. Scale bar = 50 μm. (g) The Tunel assay of B16F10 cells with various formulations. Scale bar = 20 μm. (h) The expression of HIF-1α, P-gp, BAX, and Bcl-2 proteins in B16F10 cells under various conditions